Bioremediation is a process applied to restore contaminated sites using biological tools. The success or failure of this process usually depends on an understanding of the biotechnological process as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the ecotoxicological tools used for its evaluation. This useful book offers a unique treatment of the subject, linking soil ecotoxicity tests, bioremediation and environmental risk assessment. It also, describes the inter-relationships between the laboratory and field ecotoxicologist, the biotechnology consultant and different international environmental regulatory agencies and explains how they seek to achieve a successful evaluation of contaminated site restoration. Presents scientific and theoretical approaches to the evaluation and restoration of contaminated sites. Many of the 20 papers explore the integration of terrestrial ecotoxicity testing with respect to a chemical's behavior in soil, and the use of advanced scientific data for ecological and human health risk assessment and contaminated site management purposes. Topics include the role of biomarkers of exposure and vertebrate tissue residues in the hazard characterization of PCBs, ecological effects-based soil guidelines from the Netherlands and Canada, and the influence of soil remediation techniques on the bioavailablity of heavy metals.